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| Indeks Kesejahteraan WHO-5× | PERMA Profiler× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Psikologi Positif | Psikologi Positif |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1998 | 2016 |
| Pencetus≠ | World Health Organization | James Butler and Margaret Kern |
| Tipe | Self-report questionnaire | Self-report questionnaire |
| Sumber perintis≠ | World Health Organization (1998). Wellbeing measures in primary health care: the DepCare project. WHO regional publications European series, 69. link ↗ | Butler, J., & Kern, M. L. (2016). The PERMA-Profiler: A brief multidimensional measure of flourishing. International Journal of Wellbeing, 6(3), 1–48. DOI ↗ |
| Alias≠ | WHO-5 | PERMA Profiler, PERMA Model |
| Terkait | 4 | 4 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The WHO-5 is a 5-item screening instrument measuring current well-being over the past two weeks. Developed by the World Health Organization in 1998, it assesses positive mental health states and is widely used in both research and clinical practice to identify individuals at risk for depression. Its brevity, validity, and cross-cultural acceptance make it a standard tool in primary care and epidemiological surveys worldwide. | The PERMA-Profiler is a 23-item multidimensional measure of flourishing developed by Butler and Kern in 2016 based on Seligman's PERMA model of positive psychology. It assesses five core domains of human flourishing—Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment—plus Negative Emotion and Loneliness as contextual factors. This instrument bridges the theoretical PERMA framework with practical measurement, enabling comprehensive assessment of psychological well-being across multiple life dimensions. |
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