Bandingkan metode

	Analisis Stabilitas Lereng Stereografis	Kriteria Keruntuhan Hoek-Brown	Rock Mass Rating (RMR)	Optimalisasi Tata Letak Stope
Bidang	Teknik Pertambangan	Teknik Pertambangan	Teknik Pertambangan	Teknik Pertambangan
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	1960	1980	1973	1960
Pencetus	Structural Geology and Rock Mechanics Practice	Evert Hoek and E. T. Brown	Zbigniew T. Bieniawski	Mining Engineering Practice
Tipe	Graphical method for analyzing slope stability with respect to jointing	Empirical criterion for rock mass strength prediction	Empirical classification for geotechnical engineering	Optimization framework for underground mine excavation design
Sumber perintis	Priest, S. D. (1985). Hemispherical projection methods in rock mechanics. In Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration, Technical Library.	Hoek, E., & Brown, E. T. (2002). The Hoek-Brown failure criterion and GSI: 2018 update. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 10(2), 445-463.	Bieniawski, Z. T. (1989). Engineering rock mass classifications. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0-471-60437-4	Brady, B. H. G., & Brown, E. T. (2004). Rock mechanics for underground mining. Springer Science+Business Media.
Alias	Stereonet Analysis, Stereographic Projection, Pole Plot Analysis	Generalized Hoek-Brown Criterion, HB Criterion	RMR, Bieniawski Classification, RMR89	Stope Design, Underground Mine Layout, Panel Design
Terkait	3	3	3	3
Ringkasan	Stereographic projection is a graphical method for analyzing slope stability by representing the three-dimensional orientation of discontinuities (joints, bedding, faults) and the pit slope on a two-dimensional stereographic net (stereonet). The method enables rapid visual identification of potentially unstable slope geometries where discontinuities daylight out of the slope at steeper angles than the slope face.	The Hoek-Brown Criterion, developed by Evert Hoek and E. T. Brown starting in 1980, is an empirical failure criterion that predicts the shear strength of rock masses as a function of confining pressure. It accounts for rock quality (via the Geological Strength Index, GSI) and thus bridges laboratory rock mechanics and field behavior. The criterion is widely used in mining for slope stability, pillar design, and stress analysis.	The Rock Mass Rating (RMR) system, developed by Zbigniew Bieniawski starting in 1973, is an empirical classification that characterizes rock mass quality and estimates mining and civil engineering behavior. RMR combines five measurable geotechnical parameters into a single index ranging from 0 to 100, where higher values indicate stronger, more stable rock masses. It is the most widely used rock classification system worldwide for underground mining design.	Stope layout optimization is the process of designing the size, shape, and spatial arrangement of underground mine excavations (stopes) to maximize ore recovery while maintaining safety and economic viability. It balances the desire for large extraction volumes against rock mechanics constraints and support costs. The layout determines mining productivity, capital investment in support systems, and long-term mine life.