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| Penyampelan Bola Salju× | Pengambilan Sampel Berbasis Responden× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Metodologi Survei | Metodologi Survei |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1961 | 1997 |
| Pencetus≠ | Leo A. Goodman | Douglas Heckathorn |
| Tipe≠ | Non-probability sampling technique | Probabilistic chain-referral sampling design |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Goodman, L. A. (1961). Snowball sampling. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 32(1), 148–170. DOI ↗ | Heckathorn, D. D. (1997). Respondent-driven sampling: A new approach to the study of hidden populations. Social Problems, 44(2), 174–199. DOI ↗ |
| Alias | chain-referral sampling, network sampling, respondent-driven sampling, referral sampling | Chain-Referral Sampling, Peer-Referral Sampling, Network-Based Sampling, Katılımcı Güdümlü Örnekleme |
| Terkait | 3 | 3 |
| Ringkasan≠ | Snowball sampling is a non-probability recruitment technique in which initial participants (seeds) refer the researcher to others who meet the study criteria, and those referrals in turn refer further participants. The sample grows incrementally — like a rolling snowball — until the required size or theoretical saturation is reached. It is the method of choice when a target population has no accessible sampling frame, such as undocumented migrants, illicit drug users, survivors of stigmatised experiences, or members of closed professional networks. | Respondent-Driven Sampling (RDS) is a probabilistic chain-referral method designed to reach hidden or hard-to-reach populations that lack a sampling frame. Introduced by sociologist Douglas Heckathorn in 1997, RDS combines snowball recruitment with mathematical weighting based on participants' personal network sizes, allowing researchers to generate population-level estimates even when no complete membership list exists. |
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