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| Risk-Needs Assessment× | Psychopathy Checklist (PCL-R)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Criminology | Criminology |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1990 | 1991 |
| Pencetus≠ | Donald A. Andrews & James Bonta | Robert D. Hare |
| Tipe≠ | Structured offender risk/needs assessment framework | Clinician-rated psychopathy assessment scale |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Andrews, D. A., & Bonta, J. (2010). The Psychology of Criminal Conduct (5th ed.). Routledge/Anderson. ISBN: 9781422463291 | Hare, R. D. (1999). Without Conscience: The Disturbing World of the Psychopaths Among Us. Guilford Press. ISBN: 9781572304512 |
| Alias≠ | RNR Assessment, Risk-Need-Responsivity Model, Risk/Needs Assessment, Criminogenic Needs Assessment | PCL-R, Hare Psychopathy Checklist, Psychopathy Checklist-Revised, Hare PCL-R |
| Terkait≠ | 4 | 3 |
| Ringkasan≠ | Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR) assessment is the dominant framework for structured assessment of justice-involved people, scoring an offender's criminogenic risk and needs to decide who receives intervention, what should be targeted, and how it should be delivered. Formulated by Donald Andrews and James Bonta, it organizes the strongest predictors of reoffending into the 'Central Eight' and converts them into a total risk score that guides the intensity of correctional supervision and treatment. | The Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) is the standard instrument for assessing psychopathy in forensic and correctional settings. A trained clinician rates 20 items on a three-point scale from a semi-structured interview and detailed file review, producing a total score (and two underlying factors) that index the interpersonal-affective and lifestyle-antisocial features of the construct, with scores at or above 30 typically marking psychopathy. |
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