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| Kuesioner Efikasi Diri Nyeri× | Skala Gejala Kecemasan Nyeri× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Kedokteran Nyeri | Kedokteran Nyeri |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1989 | 1996 |
| Pencetus≠ | Michael K. Nicholas | Gordon J.G. Asmundson and colleagues |
| Tipe≠ | Self-report questionnaire measuring self-efficacy beliefs about managing chronic pain | Self-report scale measuring anxiety symptoms in response to pain |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Nicholas, M.K. (1989). Self-efficacy and chronic pain. The American Psychological Association Annual Convention, New Orleans, LA. link ↗ | McWilliams, L.A., Asmundson, G.J., & Gauthier, N. (2006). Pain anxiety symptoms scale: Brief 20-item version (PASS-20). Journal of Pain, 7(7), 479-485. link ↗ |
| Alias | PSEQ, Self-Efficacy Questionnaire | PASS, Anxiety Symptoms Scale |
| Terkait | 4 | 4 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) is a 10-item self-report instrument developed by Nicholas in 1989 to measure self-efficacy beliefs—a person's confidence in their ability to manage pain and function despite pain. Higher PSEQ scores predict better pain outcomes, less disability, and greater treatment success, making it a key measure in pain rehabilitation and psychological intervention research. | The Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale (PASS) is a 20-item self-report instrument developed by Asmundson and colleagues in 1996 to measure anxiety symptoms specifically related to pain. The PASS captures fear of pain, avoidance behaviors, cognitive anxiety, and physiological anxiety responses that commonly accompany chronic pain and contribute to disability through fear-avoidance mechanisms. |
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