Bandingkan metode

	Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)	Model Propagasi Ray Tracing
Bidang	Telekomunikasi	Telekomunikasi
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	1971	1993
Pencetus	Weinstein and Ebert	Maciel, Bertoni, and Xia
Tipe	multicarrier modulation scheme	deterministic propagation algorithm
Sumber perintis	Weinstein, S. B., & Ebert, P. M. (1971). Data transmission by frequency-division multiplexing using the discrete Fourier transform. IEEE Transactions on Communication Technology, 19(5), 628-634.	Maciel, T. F., Bertoni, H. L., & Xia, H. H. (1993). Unified approach to prediction of propagation over buildings for all ranges of frequencies. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 42(1), 41-45.
Alias	multicarrier modulation	deterministic propagation, site-specific modeling
Terkait	5	4
Ringkasan	OFDM is a multicarrier modulation technique that divides a wideband channel into many narrowband orthogonal subcarriers. Introduced by Weinstein and Ebert in 1971, it exploits the duality between time and frequency domains to efficiently use spectrum while mitigating intersymbol interference in frequency-selective channels. OFDM is now the standard for high-speed wireless systems including WiFi, cellular LTE, and digital broadcasting.	Ray tracing is a deterministic propagation modeling technique for predicting electromagnetic field strength at specific locations. Instead of empirical formulas (like Okumura-Hata), ray tracing traces paths of electromagnetic energy as it reflects, diffracts, and scatters off buildings and terrain. With accurate 3D geometry and material properties, ray tracing predicts site-specific path loss, multipath delay profiles, and angle of arrival, making it ideal for detailed coverage planning, interference analysis, and system design. Ray tracing is now standard in professional cellular planning tools.