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| Skala Penilaian Perilaku Neonatal (NBAS)× | Parent-Infant Interaction Scale (PIIS)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Neonatologi | Neonatologi |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1973 | 2001 |
| Pencetus≠ | T. Berry Brazelton | Jean Summers |
| Tipe≠ | Clinician-administered | Observational-rated |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Brazelton, T. B., & Nugent, J. K. (1995). Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press. link ↗ | Summers, J. A., Behr, S. K., & Turnbull, A. P. (2001). Conceptualizing and Measuring Family and Professional Collaboration in Early Intervention. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 21(1), 46-58. link ↗ |
| Alias | NBAS, Brazelton Scale | PIIS, Parent-Infant Interaction Coding System |
| Terkait | 3 | 3 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The NBAS, commonly known as the Brazelton Scale, is a comprehensive neurobehavioral assessment tool designed to evaluate the behavioral competencies of newborns. Developed by T. Berry Brazelton and colleagues in 1973 and refined through multiple editions, it examines 28 behavioral items and 18 elicited reflex items to characterize a newborn's neurological integrity, behavioral capabilities, and individuality. The NBAS has become a foundational instrument in developmental pediatrics, neonatal neurology, and early intervention research. | The PIIS is an observational coding system designed to assess the quality and reciprocity of parent-infant interaction during naturally occurring or semi-structured contexts. Developed by Summers et al. (2001) in the context of early intervention research, it captures dimensions of parental sensitivity, responsiveness, and infant engagement. The PIIS is primarily used in research examining attachment quality, intervention effectiveness, and developmental trajectories in infants at risk for developmental delay or social-emotional difficulties. |
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