Bandingkan metode

	Studi Kohort Meta-analitik	Studi Kohort	Meta-analisis Dosis-Respons
Bidang	Epidemiologi	Epidemiologi	Sintesis Bukti
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	1980s–1990s (formalized practice)	Mid-20th century (formal epidemiological design codified ~1950s)	1992
Pencetus	Developed iteratively through epidemiological meta-analysis literature; Greenland, Berlin, Colditz among key contributors	Doll & Hill (British Doctors Study, 1951); Snow (cholera, 1854)	Greenland & Longnecker (1992), Advanced by Orsini et al. (2012)
Tipe	Quantitative synthesis / observational epidemiology	Observational longitudinal study design	Method
Sumber perintis	Greenland, S., & Longnecker, M. P. (1992). Methods for trend estimation from summarized dose-response data, with applications to meta-analysis. American Journal of Epidemiology, 135(11), 1301-1309.	Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755641	Greenland, S., & Longnecker, M. P. (1992). Methods for trend estimation of environmental health risks, with application to exposure to contaminated groundwater. Statistics in Medicine, 11(14‐15), 1837–1847.
Alias	cohort meta-analysis, pooled cohort analysis, meta-analysis of cohort studies, prospective cohort meta-analysis	longitudinal study, follow-up study, panel study, incidence study	Dose-Response Relationship, Non-Linear Meta-Analysis, Dose-Effect Synthesis
Terkait	2	6	1
Ringkasan	A meta-analytic cohort study systematically identifies, appraises, and statistically pools the findings of two or more independent cohort studies addressing the same exposure-outcome relationship. By combining large prospective datasets, it provides more precise risk estimates than any single cohort alone, makes dose-response patterns detectable, and enables subgroup analyses across diverse populations. It is the design of choice when cohort-level evidence exists but individual studies are underpowered or inconsistent.	A cohort study assembles a group of individuals who share a common starting point — typically freedom from the outcome of interest — and follows them over time to observe who develops the outcome. By comparing incidence rates between exposed and unexposed subgroups, researchers can estimate relative risk and absolute risk differences. Cohort studies are the gold-standard observational design for measuring disease incidence and establishing temporal relationships between exposure and outcome.	Dose-response meta-analysis is a specialized evidence synthesis method that models the relationship between exposure dose (or intensity, duration, quantity) and health outcome across multiple studies, assessing whether effects follow a linear trend, nonlinear curve, or threshold pattern. Pioneered by Greenland and Longnecker (1992) and refined by Orsini et al. (2012), dose-response meta-analysis answers critical questions like 'Does cardiovascular disease risk increase consistently with salt intake, or is there a threshold above which risk plateaus?' and 'Does the benefit of physical activity increase linearly with exercise duration, or do diminishing returns occur at high doses?' This method is essential for risk assessment, policy-setting on safe exposure limits, and optimizing treatment dosing.