Bandingkan metode

	Implicit Reaction-Time Brand Measures	Facial Coding in Advertising Research
Bidang	Pemasaran	Pemasaran
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	1986	1978
Pencetus	Russell Fazio (affective priming); Anthony Greenwald, Brian Nosek & Mahzarin Banaji (D-score scoring)	Paul Ekman & Wallace Friesen (FACS); Daniel McDuff & Rana el Kaliouby (automated ad coding)
Tipe	Response-latency measurement pipeline for implicit brand associations	Facial-expression measurement pipeline for emotional ad response
Sumber perintis	Fazio, R. H., Sanbonmatsu, D. M., Powell, M. C., & Kardes, F. R. (1986). On the automatic activation of attitudes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50(2), 229-238.	Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. (1978). Facial Action Coding System: A Technique for the Measurement of Facial Movement. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press. ISBN: 9780931835018
Alias	Implicit Brand Association Measures, Response-Latency Brand Testing, Affective Priming for Brands, Implicit Brand Attitude Measurement	Facial Expression Analysis, Automated Facial Coding, Emotion AI for Ads, Facial Action Coding for Marketing
Terkait	3	3
Ringkasan	Implicit reaction-time brand measures use how fast people respond, rather than what they say, to gauge the associations a brand automatically triggers. The logic comes from Russell Fazio's demonstration that strong attitudes are activated automatically: when a brand acts as a prime, it speeds responses to evaluatively congruent targets and slows responses to incongruent ones, and the size of that facilitation indexes the brand's implicit evaluation. Building on this, response-latency tasks pair brands with positive or negative words, with attribute categories, or with competing brands, and read off implicit associations from millisecond differences in reaction time. Anthony Greenwald, Brian Nosek, and Mahzarin Banaji's improved scoring algorithm turns these latency differences into a standardized D-score that is comparable across people and tasks. Because the measures tap associations that operate before deliberate editing, they capture brand equity that consumers may be unwilling or unable to report. The result is a behaviorally grounded, hard-to-fake complement to survey-based brand tracking.	Facial coding measures consumers' emotional responses to advertising by analyzing the movements of their faces while they watch. It rests on Paul Ekman and Wallace Friesen's Facial Action Coding System (FACS), which decomposes any expression into elemental action units, the contractions of individual facial muscles such as the lip-corner pull of a smile or the brow lowering of a frown. Manual FACS coding is precise but slow, so the field has shifted to automated facial coding, in which computer-vision models detect landmarks and action units frame by frame and map them to emotions and to continuous valence and arousal. Daniel McDuff, Rana el Kaliouby, and colleagues showed at scale that these automatically measured facial responses to ads predict ad liking and even changes in purchase intent. Aggregated across viewers, the result is a second-by-second emotional response curve over the ad, revealing where it amuses, surprises, bores, or repels. Facial coding thus turns spontaneous, fleeting expressions into a quantitative, time-resolved index of how an ad makes people feel.