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| Form Aspek Bermanfaat dalam Terapi× | Working Alliance Inventory× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Penelitian Psikoterapi | Penelitian Psikoterapi |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1988 | 1989 |
| Pencetus≠ | Sara P. Llewellyn; Robert Elliott | Adam O. Horvath & Leslie S. Greenberg |
| Tipe≠ | Client-rated | Therapist/Client-rated |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Llewellyn, S. P., Foo, S., & Stam, H. J. (1988). Assessing psychotherapy outcome: Clients' perspectives. Canadian Journal of Counselling, 22(2), 191–206. link ↗ | Horvath, A. O., & Greenberg, L. S. (1989). Development and validation of the Working Alliance Inventory. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 36(2), 223–233. DOI ↗ |
| Alias≠ | HAT, Helpful Aspects Questionnaire | WAI, WAI-36, WAI-SF, WAI-SR |
| Terkait | 4 | 4 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The Helpful Aspects of Therapy (HAT) form is a semi-structured client feedback instrument designed to capture the client's perception of what was most beneficial or helpful in a therapy session or course of treatment. Developed by Llewellyn and refined by Elliott, the HAT combines open-ended narrative response with structured rating scales, enabling rich qualitative insight alongside quantitative comparison. It is used in qualitative outcome research and clinical feedback systems to understand mechanisms of change from the client's perspective. | The Working Alliance Inventory (WAI) is a validated, empirically supported measure of the therapeutic alliance—the collaborative relationship between therapist and client. Developed by Horvath and Greenberg in 1989, the WAI operationalizes Bordin's tripartite model of alliance: agreement on goals, agreement on tasks, and emotional bond. It is one of the most widely used alliance measures in psychotherapy research and is a strong predictor of psychotherapy outcome across diverse theoretical orientations and client populations. |
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