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| Skala Kantuk Epworth× | Inventaris Nyeri Singkat× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Layanan Kesehatan | Layanan Kesehatan |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1991 | 1994 |
| Pencetus≠ | Murray W. Johns | Charles S. Cleeland and Kathryn M. Ryan |
| Tipe≠ | Eight-item subjective sleepiness rating | Pain severity and interference measurement |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Johns, M. W. (1991). A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep, 14(6), 540-545. DOI ↗ | Cleeland, C. S., & Ryan, K. M. (1994). Pain assessment: global use of the Brief Pain Inventory. Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore, 23(2), 129-138. link ↗ |
| Alias | ESS, Epworth Scale | BPI, BPI-SF |
| Terkait | 3 | 3 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) is a brief, validated self-report instrument developed by Johns in 1991 to quantify the level of daytime somnolence or excessive daytime sleepiness. The ESS comprises eight items asking patients to rate the likelihood of dozing off in various everyday situations. It is the most commonly used standardized measure of daytime sleepiness in clinical practice and research. | The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) is a concise, validated self-report instrument developed by Cleeland and Ryan beginning in 1994 to measure the severity and functional impact of pain in patients with cancer and chronic pain conditions. The BPI-Short Form comprises 11 items assessing pain severity and interference with daily activities, enabling rapid multidimensional pain assessment across diverse clinical populations. |
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