Potentiometric Titration
Potentiometric titration is an electrochemical method of analysis that measures the potential difference between a reference electrode and an indicator electrode as a titrant is gradually added to a solution. Developed in the early 20th century, it allows precise determination of the concentration of analytes without requiring visual endpoint indicators. This method is fundamental in analytical chemistry for determining acids, bases, redox species, and metal ions.
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- Skoog, D. A., West, D. M., Holler, F. J., & Crouch, S. R. (2014). Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry (9th ed.). Cengage Learning. · ISBN 978-1133170960
- Covington, A. K., Bates, R. G., & Durst, R. A. (1985). Definitions of pH scales, standard reference values, measurement of pH and related terminology. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 57(3), 531–542. · DOI 10.1351/pac198557030531
- Michels, H. H., & Sielcken, O. E. (1965). A potentiometric method for the determination of moisture. Journal of Applied Chemistry, 15(12), 589–594. · URL
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