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	स्थानिक पैनल घटना अध्ययन	स्थानिक प्रतिगमन असंतुलन डिज़ाइन (स्थानिक आरडीडी)
क्षेत्र	कारणात्मक अनुमान	कारणात्मक अनुमान
परिवार	Regression model	Regression model
उद्भव वर्ष	2010s–2020s	2010s
प्रवर्तक	Synthesized from spatial econometrics and panel event-study literatures; formalized in applied work in the 2010s–2020s	Popularized by Dell (2010); formalized for geographic boundaries by Keele & Titiunik (2015)
प्रकार	Quasi-experimental causal inference	Quasi-experimental causal inference
मौलिक स्रोत	Sun, L., & Callaway, B. (2021). Difference-in-differences estimators of intertemporal treatment effects. arXiv:2109.10157.	Dell, M. (2010). The Persistent Effects of Peru's Mining Mita. Econometrica, 78(6), 1863-1903.
उपनाम	spatial event study, spatial DiD event study, geo-panel event study, spatial panel ES	Spatial RDD, Geographic RDD, Border RD Design, Geographic Discontinuity Design
संबंधित	4	4
सारांश	Spatial panel event study extends the classical panel event-study design to settings where units are geographically located and outcomes may spill over across space. By combining event-time indicators with spatial weights matrices, it estimates dynamic treatment effects while explicitly accounting for spatial autocorrelation, geographic spillovers, and cross-unit contamination that would bias conventional event studies.	Spatial Regression Discontinuity Design uses a geographic or administrative boundary as the threshold that assigns units to treatment. Observations just inside one side of the boundary are compared with those just outside it, exploiting the near-random variation in treatment status near the cutoff to recover a local causal effect. The approach is widely used in economics, political science, and public health when policies or institutions change sharply at a border.