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	स्थानिक स्वसहसंबंध	स्थानीय स्थानिक सहसंबंध सूचक (Local Indicators of Spatial Association - LISA)
क्षेत्र	स्थानिक विश्लेषण	स्थानिक विश्लेषण
परिवार	Regression model	Regression model
उद्भव वर्ष	1950	1995
प्रवर्तक	P. A. P. Moran (global measure, 1950); Roy Geary (Geary's C, 1954); Luc Anselin (LISA, 1995)	Luc Anselin
प्रकार	Spatial statistic / exploratory spatial data analysis	Local spatial statistic
मौलिक स्रोत	Moran, P. A. P. (1950). Notes on continuous stochastic phenomena. Biometrika, 37(1/2), 17–23.	Anselin, L. (1995). Local Indicators of Spatial Association — LISA. Geographical Analysis, 27(2), 93–115.
उपनाम	spatial dependence, geographic autocorrelation, spatial clustering measure, SA	LISA, local spatial autocorrelation statistics, local Moran's I, Anselin LISA
संबंधित	5	6
सारांश	Spatial autocorrelation quantifies the degree to which a variable's values at nearby locations resemble each other more (positive autocorrelation) or less (negative autocorrelation) than expected by chance. Global indices such as Moran's I summarise the pattern across the entire study area, while local variants reveal clusters and outliers at the level of individual observations.	LISA, introduced by Luc Anselin in 1995, decomposes a global spatial autocorrelation index into a location-specific statistic for every observation. It identifies where statistically significant spatial clusters and outliers occur on a map, enabling researchers to move beyond a single global summary and pinpoint the geographic sources of spatial dependence.