विधियों की तुलना करें

	सोलोमन फोर-ग्रुप डिज़ाइन	नियंत्रित समूह प्रायोगिक अभिकल्प
क्षेत्र	प्रयोगात्मक अभिकल्प	प्रयोगात्मक अभिकल्प
परिवार	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
उद्भव वर्ष	1949	1935 (Fisher); 1963 (Campbell & Stanley codification)
प्रवर्तक	Richard L. Solomon	Ronald A. Fisher; systematised by Donald T. Campbell & Julian C. Stanley
प्रकार	True experimental design	Experimental research design
मौलिक स्रोत	Solomon, R. L. (1949). An extension of control group design. Psychological Bulletin, 46(2), 137–150.	Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally.
उपनाम	Solomon design, four-group design, Solomon four-group control design, S4GD	controlled experiment, true experimental design, randomized controlled design, treatment-control design
संबंधित	5	4
सारांश	The Solomon Four-Group Design extends the classic pretest-posttest control-group design by adding two groups that receive no pretest, enabling researchers to detect whether the pretest itself alters participants' responses to the treatment. Introduced by Richard L. Solomon in 1949, it remains the gold standard for isolating the independent effect of a pretest and for obtaining unbiased estimates of treatment efficacy.	Control group experimental design is a fundamental experimental structure in which participants are assigned to at least two groups — a treatment group that receives the intervention and a control group that does not — so that the effect of the intervention can be isolated by comparing outcomes across groups. Randomisation of assignment strengthens causal inference by balancing known and unknown confounders.