विधियों की तुलना करें
चुनी हुई विधियों की आमने-सामने समीक्षा करें; भिन्नता वाली पंक्तियाँ रेखांकित हैं।
| सामाजिक एकजुटता पैमाना (Social Cohesion Scale)× | अंतरसमूह संपर्क पैमाना× | |
|---|---|---|
| क्षेत्र | राजनीतिक समाजशास्त्र | राजनीतिक समाजशास्त्र |
| परिवार | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| उद्भव वर्ष≠ | 1997–2006 | 1954–2008 |
| प्रवर्तक≠ | Robert Sampson, Ray Forrest, Akhtar Kearns | Gordon Allport, Thomas Pettigrew, Linda Tropp |
| प्रकार | Self-report questionnaire | Self-report questionnaire |
| मौलिक स्रोत≠ | Sampson, R. J., Raudenbush, S. W., & Earls, F. (1997). Neighborhoods and violent crime: A multilevel study of collective efficacy. Science, 277(5328), 918-924. DOI ↗ | Allport, G. W. (1954). The nature of prejudice. Addison-Wesley. link ↗ |
| उपनाम | SCS, Social Integration Index | ICS, Contact Quality Index |
| संबंधित | 5 | 5 |
| सारांश≠ | The Social Cohesion Scale measures the degree to which members of a community feel integrated, connected, and unified by shared values and mutual support. Developed across multiple traditions—notably by Robert Sampson and colleagues in criminology and urban sociology, and by Forrest & Kearns in housing research—it assesses both the structural glue (institutions, networks) and affective bonds (belonging, solidarity) that hold communities together. | The Intergroup Contact Scale measures the quantity and quality of face-to-face interaction between members of different social groups (racial, ethnic, religious, national, or other categories). Rooted in Gordon Allport's contact hypothesis (1954), which proposed that prejudice decreases when groups interact under favorable conditions, the scale is fundamental in research on prejudice reduction, integration, and intergroup relations. |
| ScholarGateडेटासेट ↗ |
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