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	Robust Universal Kriging	स्थानिक लैग मॉडल (SAR / स्थानिक ऑटोरिग्रेसिव)
क्षेत्र	स्थानिक विश्लेषण	स्थानिक विश्लेषण
परिवार	Regression model	Regression model
उद्भव वर्ष	1980s–1990s	1988
प्रवर्तक	Developed through contributions of Cressie, Genton, and Rousseeuw in geostatistics and robust statistics	Anselin (textbook formalisation); LeSage & Pace
प्रकार	Spatial interpolation model	Spatial autoregressive regression
मौलिक स्रोत	Cressie, N. A. C. (1993). Statistics for Spatial Data (revised ed.). Wiley-Interscience, New York. ISBN: 978-0471002550	Anselin, L. (1988). Spatial Econometrics: Methods and Models. Kluwer Academic.
उपनाम	RUK, robust kriging with external drift, outlier-resistant universal kriging, robust geostatistical regression kriging	SAR model, spatial autoregressive model, spatial lag, Uzamsal Gecikme Modeli (SAR / Spatial Lag)
संबंधित	4	5
सारांश	Robust Universal Kriging (RUK) is a geostatistical interpolation method that combines a spatially varying deterministic trend with a stochastic residual surface, while using robust estimators to protect the variogram and trend coefficients from the distorting influence of outlying observations.	The Spatial Lag Model is an autoregressive regression that assumes spatial dependence in the dependent variable itself: the outcome values of neighbouring units enter the model as an explanatory term (ρWy). It was formalised in Anselin's Spatial Econometrics (1988) and developed further by LeSage and Pace (2009), and it decomposes spillover effects into direct, indirect, and total impacts.