विधियों की तुलना करें

	पूर्व-परीक्षण-पश्चात-परीक्षण प्रायोगिक अभिकल्पना	फ़ैक्टोरियल प्रयोग
क्षेत्र	प्रयोगात्मक अभिकल्प	प्रयोगात्मक अभिकल्प
परिवार	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
उद्भव वर्ष	1963 (formalized in Campbell & Stanley)	1926–1935
प्रवर्तक	Donald T. Campbell and Julian C. Stanley	Ronald A. Fisher
प्रकार	Experimental / quasi-experimental research design	Quantitative experimental design
मौलिक स्रोत	Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally.	Fisher, R. A. (1935). The Design of Experiments. Oliver and Boyd.
उपनाम	pretest-posttest design, before-after design, pre-post design, two-wave experimental design	factorial design, factorial ANOVA design, multi-factor experiment, crossed-factor design
संबंधित	5	6
सारांश	The pretest-posttest experimental design measures participants on the outcome variable before and after treatment, typically with random assignment to treatment and control groups. The difference between pre- and post-scores isolates the treatment effect from baseline variation, making this one of the most widely used frameworks in experimental and quasi-experimental research across education, psychology, medicine, and the social sciences.	A factorial experiment is an experimental design in which two or more independent variables (factors) are manipulated simultaneously, and every combination of their levels is tested. Introduced by Ronald Fisher in the 1920s–1930s, it is the standard approach whenever a researcher needs to detect not only the main effect of each factor but also whether the effect of one factor depends on the level of another — the interaction effect.