विधियों की तुलना करें
चुनी हुई विधियों की आमने-सामने समीक्षा करें; भिन्नता वाली पंक्तियाँ रेखांकित हैं।
| पेसारन सीडी टेस्ट: पैनल डेटा के लिए क्रॉस-सेक्शनल डिपेंडेंस डायग्नोस्टिक× | पैनल डेटा के लिए फ्रीज़ क्रॉस-सेक्शनल डिपेंडेंस टेस्ट× | |
|---|---|---|
| क्षेत्र | अर्थमिति | अर्थमिति |
| परिवार | Hypothesis test | Hypothesis test |
| उद्भव वर्ष≠ | 2021 | 1995 |
| प्रवर्तक≠ | M. Hashem Pesaran | Edward Frees |
| प्रकार≠ | Non-parametric diagnostic test | Non-parametric panel diagnostic test |
| मौलिक स्रोत≠ | Pesaran, M. H. (2021). General diagnostic tests for cross-sectional dependence in panels. Empirical Economics, 60(1), 13–50. DOI ↗ | Frees, E. W. (1995). Assessing cross-sectional correlation in panel data. Journal of Econometrics, 69(2), 393–414. DOI ↗ |
| उपनाम | CD Test, Cross-Sectional Dependence Test, Pesaran General CD Test, Kesitsel Bağımlılık Testi | Frees CD Test, Frees Q-statistic Test, Cross-Sectional Dependence Test (Frees), Frees Bağımlılık Testi |
| संबंधित | 3 | 3 |
| सारांश≠ | The Pesaran CD test is a general diagnostic procedure for detecting cross-sectional dependence in panel data models. Developed by M. Hashem Pesaran (2021), it is applicable to both balanced and unbalanced panels with large N and T, and retains validity under heterogeneous slope coefficients. The test is widely adopted in empirical economics, finance, and political economy as a prerequisite check before selecting appropriate estimators or unit-root tests for panel datasets. | The Frees test, introduced by Edward Frees in 1995, is a non-parametric diagnostic procedure for detecting cross-sectional dependence in panel data. It is designed for settings where N (number of units) is large and T (time periods) is moderate, making it a standard pre-estimation check before applying panel regression methods that assume cross-sectional independence. Applied economists and social scientists routinely use it to verify whether units in the panel share common shocks or spatial linkages. |
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