विधियों की तुलना करें

	पैनल स्थानिक त्रुटि मॉडल	स्थानिक लैग मॉडल (SAR / स्थानिक ऑटोरिग्रेसिव)
क्षेत्र	स्थानिक विश्लेषण	स्थानिक विश्लेषण
परिवार	Regression model	Regression model
उद्भव वर्ष	1988 / 2003	1988
प्रवर्तक	Anselin (1988); extended to panels by Elhorst (2003, 2014)	Anselin (textbook formalisation); LeSage & Pace
प्रकार	Spatial econometric panel model	Spatial autoregressive regression
मौलिक स्रोत	Elhorst, J. P. (2014). Spatial Econometrics: From Cross-Sectional Data to Spatial Panels. Springer. ISBN: 978-3642403408	Anselin, L. (1988). Spatial Econometrics: Methods and Models. Kluwer Academic.
उपनाम	panel SEM, spatial error panel model, panel spatial autocorrelation error model, SEM panel	SAR model, spatial autoregressive model, spatial lag, Uzamsal Gecikme Modeli (SAR / Spatial Lag)
संबंधित	5	5
सारांश	The Panel Spatial Error Model (panel SEM) extends the classical spatial error model to panel data, allowing spatial dependence to enter through the error term across cross-sectional units over multiple time periods. It accounts for spatially correlated omitted variables without imposing a substantive spatial spillover in the outcome itself.	The Spatial Lag Model is an autoregressive regression that assumes spatial dependence in the dependent variable itself: the outcome values of neighbouring units enter the model as an explanatory term (ρWy). It was formalised in Anselin's Spatial Econometrics (1988) and developed further by LeSage and Pace (2009), and it decomposes spillover effects into direct, indirect, and total impacts.