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| पैनल डेटा प्रोपेन्सिटी स्कोर मैचिंग× | मैचिंग एस्टीमेटर (Matching Estimator)× | |
|---|---|---|
| क्षेत्र | कारणात्मक अनुमान | कारणात्मक अनुमान |
| परिवार | Regression model | Regression model |
| उद्भव वर्ष≠ | 1997-1998 | 1973 |
| प्रवर्तक≠ | Heckman, Ichimura & Todd | Rubin (1973); large-sample theory by Abadie & Imbens (2006) |
| प्रकार≠ | Matching / causal inference | Nonparametric matching / causal inference |
| मौलिक स्रोत≠ | Heckman, J. J., Ichimura, H., & Todd, P. (1998). Matching as an Econometric Evaluation Estimator. Review of Economic Studies, 65(2), 261-294. DOI ↗ | Abadie, A., & Imbens, G. W. (2006). Large Sample Properties of Matching Estimators for Average Treatment Effects. Econometrica, 74(1), 235-267. DOI ↗ |
| उपनाम | PSM with panel data, longitudinal PSM, panel PSM, difference-in-differences PSM | nearest-neighbor matching, NNM, matching on covariates, covariate matching |
| संबंधित | 6 | 6 |
| सारांश≠ | Panel data propensity score matching combines the bias-reduction of PSM with the longitudinal structure of panel data, enabling causal estimation of treatment effects by matching treated and control units on observable pre-treatment characteristics and then differencing within matched pairs over time. Developed in the framework of Heckman, Ichimura, and Todd (1998), it is especially valuable when randomisation is infeasible and both selection on observables and time-varying confounding must be addressed simultaneously. | The matching estimator identifies the causal effect of a treatment by pairing each treated unit with one or more untreated units that have similar observed characteristics. Formalised by Rubin (1973) and given rigorous large-sample theory by Abadie and Imbens (2006), it constructs a credible control group from observational data without requiring a parametric model for the outcome. |
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