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	क्रमिक आइटम प्रतिक्रिया सिद्धांत	क्रमिक प्रतिक्रिया मॉडल (GRM)
क्षेत्र	मनोमिति	मनोमिति
परिवार	Latent structure	Latent structure
उद्भव वर्ष	1969	1969
प्रवर्तक	Fumiko Samejima (Graded Response Model, 1969); Gerhard Fischer & Georg Rasch lineage for partial credit	Fumiko Samejima
प्रकार	Probabilistic latent trait model for ordered polytomous responses	Item response theory / polytomous IRT model
मौलिक स्रोत	Samejima, F. (1969). Estimation of latent ability using a response pattern of graded scores. Psychometrika Monograph Supplement, 34(4, Pt. 2), 1–97.	Samejima, F. (1969). Estimation of Latent Ability Using a Response Pattern of Graded Scores. Psychometrika Monograph Supplement, No. 17.
उपनाम	polytomous IRT, ordinal IRT models, graded response models, ordinal latent trait models	Samejima's GRM, Derecelendirilmiş Tepki Modeli (GRM), graded IRT model
संबंधित	6	7
सारांश	Ordinal item response theory (ordinal IRT) comprises a family of probabilistic models — most notably the Graded Response Model and the Partial Credit Model — that relate a respondent's standing on a latent trait to the probability of choosing each ordered response category on a polytomous item. It extends classical IRT beyond dichotomous items to the Likert-type and rating-scale items that dominate psychometric measurement.	The Graded Response Model is an item response theory model developed by Fumiko Samejima in 1969 for ordered polytomous items such as Likert-type scales. It estimates both the discriminating power of each item and a set of threshold parameters marking the boundaries between adjacent response categories, while simultaneously placing persons on a continuous latent trait scale.