विधियों की तुलना करें

	ऑनलाइन फील्ड नोट्स	ऑनलाइन प्रतिभागी अवलोकन
क्षेत्र	सर्वेक्षण पद्धति	सर्वेक्षण पद्धति
परिवार	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
उद्भव वर्ष	1990s–2000s (digital extension of classical field notes practice)	Late 1990s–2000s
प्रवर्तक	Extended from ethnographic field note tradition (Emerson, Fretz & Shaw); digital adaptation via Kozinets and virtual ethnography scholars	Christine Hine (virtual ethnography); Robert Kozinets (netnography)
प्रकार	Qualitative data collection technique	Qualitative data collection method
मौलिक स्रोत	Emerson, R. M., Fretz, R. I., & Shaw, L. L. (2011). Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes (2nd ed.). University of Chicago Press. ISBN: 978-0226206837	Hine, C. (2000). Virtual Ethnography. SAGE Publications. ISBN: 978-0761958956
उपनाम	digital field notes, virtual field notes, e-field notes, netnographic field notes	virtual participant observation, digital ethnographic observation, cyber participant observation, internet participant observation
संबंधित	5	5
सारांश	Online field notes are structured, researcher-authored records of observations made within digital environments — social media platforms, online communities, virtual worlds, forums, and video-mediated spaces. Adapted from the classical ethnographic field note tradition, they capture not only what is observed but how the researcher interprets and situates those observations in real time, forming a primary data source for virtual ethnography and netnography.	Online participant observation is a qualitative data collection method in which the researcher enters a digital community or online environment — forums, social media groups, multiplayer games, virtual workplaces — both as a participant and as an observer, systematically documenting social interactions, practices, and meanings as they naturally unfold in the digital space.