विधियों की तुलना करें
चुनी हुई विधियों की आमने-सामने समीक्षा करें; भिन्नता वाली पंक्तियाँ रेखांकित हैं।
| ऑनलाइन फील्ड नोट्स× | ऑनलाइन प्रतिभागी अवलोकन× | |
|---|---|---|
| क्षेत्र | सर्वेक्षण पद्धति | सर्वेक्षण पद्धति |
| परिवार | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| उद्भव वर्ष≠ | 1990s–2000s (digital extension of classical field notes practice) | Late 1990s–2000s |
| प्रवर्तक≠ | Extended from ethnographic field note tradition (Emerson, Fretz & Shaw); digital adaptation via Kozinets and virtual ethnography scholars | Christine Hine (virtual ethnography); Robert Kozinets (netnography) |
| प्रकार≠ | Qualitative data collection technique | Qualitative data collection method |
| मौलिक स्रोत≠ | Emerson, R. M., Fretz, R. I., & Shaw, L. L. (2011). Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes (2nd ed.). University of Chicago Press. ISBN: 978-0226206837 | Hine, C. (2000). Virtual Ethnography. SAGE Publications. ISBN: 978-0761958956 |
| उपनाम | digital field notes, virtual field notes, e-field notes, netnographic field notes | virtual participant observation, digital ethnographic observation, cyber participant observation, internet participant observation |
| संबंधित | 5 | 5 |
| सारांश≠ | Online field notes are structured, researcher-authored records of observations made within digital environments — social media platforms, online communities, virtual worlds, forums, and video-mediated spaces. Adapted from the classical ethnographic field note tradition, they capture not only what is observed but how the researcher interprets and situates those observations in real time, forming a primary data source for virtual ethnography and netnography. | Online participant observation is a qualitative data collection method in which the researcher enters a digital community or online environment — forums, social media groups, multiplayer games, virtual workplaces — both as a participant and as an observer, systematically documenting social interactions, practices, and meanings as they naturally unfold in the digital space. |
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