विधियों की तुलना करें
चुनी हुई विधियों की आमने-सामने समीक्षा करें; भिन्नता वाली पंक्तियाँ रेखांकित हैं।
| ऑर्थोगोनल फ्रीक्वेंसी डिवीजन मल्टीप्लेक्सिंग (ओएफडीएम)× | टर्बो कोडिंग विथ इटरेटिव डिकोडिंग× | |
|---|---|---|
| क्षेत्र | दूरसंचार | दूरसंचार |
| परिवार | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| उद्भव वर्ष≠ | 1971 | 1993 |
| प्रवर्तक≠ | Weinstein and Ebert | Claude Berrou, Alain Glavieux, and Punya Thitimajshima |
| प्रकार≠ | multicarrier modulation scheme | iterative error-correcting code |
| मौलिक स्रोत≠ | Weinstein, S. B., & Ebert, P. M. (1971). Data transmission by frequency-division multiplexing using the discrete Fourier transform. IEEE Transactions on Communication Technology, 19(5), 628-634. DOI ↗ | Berrou, C., Glavieux, A., & Thitimajshima, P. (1993). Near Shannon limit error-correcting coding and decoding: Turbo-codes. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), 1064-1070. DOI ↗ |
| उपनाम≠ | multicarrier modulation | iterative decoding, concatenated codes |
| संबंधित | 5 | 5 |
| सारांश≠ | OFDM is a multicarrier modulation technique that divides a wideband channel into many narrowband orthogonal subcarriers. Introduced by Weinstein and Ebert in 1971, it exploits the duality between time and frequency domains to efficiently use spectrum while mitigating intersymbol interference in frequency-selective channels. OFDM is now the standard for high-speed wireless systems including WiFi, cellular LTE, and digital broadcasting. | Turbo codes, introduced by Berrou, Glavieux, and Thitimajshima in 1993, are a landmark in channel coding history. They achieve performance within 0.5 dB of the Shannon limit—the theoretical boundary for reliable communication—a feat previously thought impossible with practical complexity. Turbo codes use concatenated convolutional codes with an interleaver and iterative decoding via belief propagation. They were adopted in 3G (UMTS) and remain important in 4G/5G systems alongside LDPC codes. |
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