विधियों की तुलना करें
चुनी हुई विधियों की आमने-सामने समीक्षा करें; भिन्नता वाली पंक्तियाँ रेखांकित हैं।
| बहुस्तरीय परीक्षण-पुनर्परीक्षण विश्वसनीयता× | पुष्टिकारीय कारक विश्लेषण (CFA)× | |
|---|---|---|
| क्षेत्र | मनोमिति | मनोमिति |
| परिवार | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| उद्भव वर्ष≠ | 1979 (ICC foundation); multilevel extension: 1990s–2000s | 1969 |
| प्रवर्तक≠ | Shrout & Fleiss (ICC foundation); multilevel extension by Goldstein, Snijders, and others | Karl Gustav Jöreskog |
| प्रकार≠ | Reliability estimation under hierarchical data | Hypothesis-testing latent variable model |
| मौलिक स्रोत≠ | Shrout, P. E. & Fleiss, J. L. (1979). Intraclass correlations: Uses in assessing rater reliability. Psychological Bulletin, 86(2), 420–428. DOI ↗ | Jöreskog, K. G. (1969). A general approach to confirmatory maximum likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika, 34(2), 183–202. DOI ↗ |
| उपनाम | hierarchical test-retest reliability, multilevel ICC reliability, nested test-retest reliability, ML-TRT reliability | CFA, confirmatory FA, measurement model, restricted factor analysis |
| संबंधित≠ | 5 | 4 |
| सारांश≠ | Multilevel test-retest reliability estimates how consistently a measurement instrument produces the same scores across repeated administrations when observations are nested within higher-level units — such as patients within clinics or students within classrooms. It partitions total score variance across levels using intraclass correlation coefficients derived from multilevel models. | Confirmatory factor analysis tests a researcher-specified factor structure against observed data. Unlike exploratory approaches, the researcher decides in advance which indicators load on which latent factor, and the model is evaluated by how closely the implied covariance matrix reproduces the sample covariance matrix. CFA is central to scale validation, construct validity assessment, and measurement invariance testing. |
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