विधियों की तुलना करें

	बहु-स्तरीय क्लस्टर सैंपलिंग	आनुपातिक क्लस्टर नमूनाकरण
क्षेत्र	सर्वेक्षण पद्धति	सर्वेक्षण पद्धति
परिवार	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
उद्भव वर्ष	1950s-1970s (cluster sampling); multilevel extension formalized 1980s-1990s	1950s–1960s
प्रवर्तक	W. G. Cochran (cluster sampling foundations); extended into multilevel contexts by survey methodologists	Formalized by William G. Cochran and Leslie Kish
प्रकार	Probability sampling design	Probability sampling design
मौलिक स्रोत	Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0471162407	Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407
उपनाम	hierarchical cluster sampling, nested cluster sampling, multi-stage cluster sampling, clustered multilevel sampling	PPS cluster sampling, proportional-to-size cluster sampling, size-proportional cluster sampling, probability proportional to size sampling
संबंधित	6	6
सारांश	Multi-level cluster sampling is a probability sampling design for hierarchically structured populations — such as students nested within classrooms within schools within districts. Clusters are randomly selected at each level of the hierarchy before individual units are sampled within the final-level clusters. The design mirrors the natural nesting of real-world populations and enables efficient large-scale data collection while supporting multilevel statistical analysis.	Proportional cluster sampling selects naturally occurring groups (clusters) from a population with probability proportional to each cluster's size, so that larger clusters have a higher chance of selection while every individual element retains an equal overall inclusion probability. This design efficiently handles large, geographically dispersed populations and is the backbone of national health, education, and social surveys worldwide.