विधियों की तुलना करें
चुनी हुई विधियों की आमने-सामने समीक्षा करें; भिन्नता वाली पंक्तियाँ रेखांकित हैं।
| Group Identity Measurement× | राष्ट्रीय पहचान पैमाना× | |
|---|---|---|
| क्षेत्र | राजनीतिक मनोविज्ञान | राजनीतिक मनोविज्ञान |
| परिवार | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| उद्भव वर्ष≠ | 2008 | 1989 |
| प्रवर्तक≠ | Colin Wayne Leach et al. | Richard Kosterman & Seymour Feshbach |
| प्रकार≠ | Self-report identity scale | Self-report |
| मौलिक स्रोत≠ | Leach, C. W., van Zomeren, M., Zebel, S., Vliek, M. L. W., Pennekamp, S. F., Doosje, B., Ouwerkerk, J. W., & Spears, R. (2008). Group-level self-definition and self-investment: A hierarchical (multicomponent) model of in-group identification. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95(1), 144-165. DOI ↗ | Kosterman, R., & Feshbach, S. (1989). Toward a measure of patriotic and nationalistic attitudes. Political Psychology, 10(2), 257-274. DOI ↗ |
| उपनाम | Group Identification Scale, Ingroup Identification Measure, Identity Centrality Scale | NIS, National Attachment Scale, Patriotism Scale |
| संबंधित≠ | 4 | 3 |
| सारांश≠ | Group identity measurement assesses the strength and structure of a person's psychological identification with a social group, such as a party, nation, ethnic group, or movement. The Leach et al. (2008) hierarchical multicomponent model is a leading approach, decomposing in-group identification into self-definition (individual self-stereotyping, in-group homogeneity) and self-investment (solidarity, satisfaction, centrality), measured by a validated 14-item scale. | The National Identity Scale measures the strength and character of individuals' identification with their nation, including attachment to national symbols, pride in national achievements, and sense of belonging to the national community. Developed by Kosterman and Feshbach (1989), it distinguishes patriotism (pride in national accomplishments, willingness to serve) from nationalism (belief in national superiority, willingness to act against outsiders). The measure has become essential in comparative politics, examining how national identity shapes political behavior, attitudes toward immigration, support for international cooperation, and electoral choices. |
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