विधियों की तुलना करें

	क्षेत्र-आधारित विचलित मामला नमूनाकरण	विपथगामी प्रकरण प्रतिचयन
क्षेत्र	सर्वेक्षण पद्धति	सर्वेक्षण पद्धति
परिवार	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
उद्भव वर्ष	1980s–1990s (purposive/deviant case sampling literature)	1990
प्रवर्तक	Michael Quinn Patton; Yvonna Lincoln & Egon Guba	Michael Quinn Patton
प्रकार	Purposive qualitative sampling strategy	Purposive qualitative sampling strategy
मौलिक स्रोत	Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761919711	Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761919711
उपनाम	field deviant case sampling, outlier case sampling in field research, extreme case sampling in fieldwork, in-situ deviant case sampling	extreme case sampling, outlier sampling, negative case sampling, deviant-case selection
संबंधित	5	5
सारांश	Field-based deviant case sampling is a purposive strategy that deliberately selects cases deviating markedly from an established pattern or norm, with data collected through direct fieldwork — observation, in-situ interviews, and ethnographic engagement — in the participants' natural settings. By studying outliers on-site, researchers gain contextually grounded insight into why and how certain cases diverge from the typical pattern.	Deviant case sampling is a purposive qualitative sampling strategy in which the researcher intentionally selects cases that are unusual, exceptional, or markedly different from the norm — outliers, extreme successes, or conspicuous failures. The goal is not statistical representation but deep learning from cases that illuminate the boundaries of a phenomenon, challenge prevailing assumptions, or reveal processes that typical cases obscure.