विधियों की तुलना करें

	क्रमिक पूर्वपरीक्षण-पश्चातपरीक्षण प्रायोगिक अभिकल्प	सोलोमन फोर-ग्रुप डिज़ाइन
क्षेत्र	प्रयोगात्मक अभिकल्प	प्रयोगात्मक अभिकल्प
परिवार	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
उद्भव वर्ष	1963 (canonical formalization)	1949
प्रवर्तक	Codified by Donald T. Campbell and Julian C. Stanley	Richard L. Solomon
प्रकार	True experimental design	True experimental design
मौलिक स्रोत	Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally.	Solomon, R. L. (1949). An extension of control group design. Psychological Bulletin, 46(2), 137–150.
उपनाम	factorial pre-post design, factorial repeated-measures pretest-posttest design, multi-factor pretest-posttest design, FPPD	Solomon design, four-group design, Solomon four-group control design, S4GD
संबंधित	6	5
सारांश	A factorial pretest-posttest experimental design combines the simultaneous manipulation of two or more independent variables (factors) with measurement of the dependent variable both before and after treatment. This structure allows researchers to assess the main effect of each factor, all possible interaction effects between factors, and the magnitude of change from pretest to posttest — all within a single, fully randomised experiment.	The Solomon Four-Group Design extends the classic pretest-posttest control-group design by adding two groups that receive no pretest, enabling researchers to detect whether the pretest itself alters participants' responses to the treatment. Introduced by Richard L. Solomon in 1949, it remains the gold standard for isolating the independent effect of a pretest and for obtaining unbiased estimates of treatment efficacy.