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	Emax मॉडल: फार्माकोडायनामिक खुराक-प्रतिक्रिया विश्लेषण	जनसंख्या फार्माकोकाइनेटिक्स
क्षेत्र	औषधमिति	औषधमिति
परिवार	Regression model	Regression model
उद्भव वर्ष	1981	1977
प्रवर्तक	Holford & Sheiner	Sheiner, Rosenberg & Marathe
प्रकार	Nonlinear dose-response regression model	Nonlinear mixed-effects regression model
मौलिक स्रोत	Holford, N. H. G., & Sheiner, L. B. (1981). Understanding the dose-effect relationship: clinical application of pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic models. Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 6(6), 429–453.	Sheiner, L. B., Rosenberg, B., & Marathe, V. V. (1977). Estimation of population characteristics of pharmacokinetic parameters from routine clinical data. Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, 5(5), 445–479.
उपनाम	Maximum Effect Model, Hyperbolic Emax Model, Sigmoidal Emax Model, Emax Farmakodynamik Modeli	PopPK, Nonlinear Mixed-Effects Modeling, NONMEM Approach, Popülasyon Farmakokinetiği
संबंधित	2	2
सारांश	The Emax model is a nonlinear pharmacodynamic model that describes the relationship between drug concentration and biological effect. Introduced by Holford and Sheiner in 1981, it characterizes dose-response curves using three fundamental parameters: the maximum achievable effect (Emax), the concentration producing half-maximal effect (EC50), and an optional baseline effect (E0). It remains the standard framework in clinical pharmacology and drug development for quantifying pharmacodynamic dose-response relationships.	Population Pharmacokinetics (PopPK) is a nonlinear mixed-effects modeling framework that characterizes how drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated across a patient population, estimating both typical population parameters and the magnitude of between-subject variability. Introduced by Sheiner, Rosenberg, and Marathe in 1977, it enables parameter estimation from sparse, routinely collected clinical data—making it indispensable in drug development, regulatory submissions, and individualized dosing.