विधियों की तुलना करें
चुनी हुई विधियों की आमने-सामने समीक्षा करें; भिन्नता वाली पंक्तियाँ रेखांकित हैं।
| महामारी विज्ञान अध्ययन केंद्र अवसाद पैमाना (CES-D)× | सामान्य स्वास्थ्य प्रश्नावली-12 (GHQ-12)× | |
|---|---|---|
| क्षेत्र | नैदानिक मनोविज्ञान | नैदानिक मनोविज्ञान |
| परिवार | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| उद्भव वर्ष≠ | 1977 | 1992 |
| प्रवर्तक≠ | Lenore Sawyer Radloff | David P. Goldberg |
| प्रकार≠ | Community-based depression assessment | Psychiatric symptom screening |
| मौलिक स्रोत≠ | Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1(3), 385-401. DOI ↗ | Goldberg, D. P. (1972). The detection of psychiatric illness by questionnaire. Oxford University Press. link ↗ |
| उपनाम | CES-D, CESD | GHQ-12, GHQ |
| संबंधित | 5 | 5 |
| सारांश≠ | The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is a 20-item self-report instrument for measuring depressive symptoms in the general population. Developed by Lenore Radloff in 1977, the CES-D was designed for epidemiological research to rapidly identify depression in community samples. It remains a widely used measure in public health, aging research, and longitudinal cohort studies worldwide. | The General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) is a brief, 12-item self-report screening instrument for psychological distress and mental health problems in the general population. Developed by David P. Goldberg, the GHQ-12 is the most widely used short form of the longer General Health Questionnaire series. It is designed for rapid detection of minor psychiatric morbidity and assessment of psychological well-being in clinical, occupational health, and community settings. |
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