विधियों की तुलना करें

	बूटस्ट्रैप अनुमान	क्रमचय (यादृच्छिकीकरण) परीक्षण
क्षेत्र	सांख्यिकी	सांख्यिकी
परिवार	Regression model	Regression model
उद्भव वर्ष	1979	2005
प्रवर्तक	Bradley Efron	Good (2005); Edgington & Onghena (2007); resampling tradition
प्रकार	Resampling-based inference	Nonparametric resampling test
मौलिक स्रोत	Efron, B. (1979). Bootstrap Methods: Another Look at the Jackknife. Annals of Statistics, 7(1), 1-26.	Good, P. (2005). Permutation, Parametric and Bootstrap Tests of Hypotheses (3rd ed.). Springer. ISBN: 978-0387202792
उपनाम	bootstrap, bootstrap resampling, nonparametric bootstrap, Bootstrap Çıkarımı	randomization test, exact permutation test, re-randomization test, Permütasyon Testi
संबंधित	5	5
सारांश	Bootstrap inference, introduced by Bradley Efron in 1979, estimates the sampling distribution of a statistic by repeatedly resampling the observed data with replacement. It requires no distributional assumption and produces reliable confidence intervals even in small samples.	The permutation test is a nonparametric resampling procedure that builds the sampling distribution of a test statistic directly from the data by repeatedly shuffling the group labels. Developed in the resampling tradition and treated systematically by Good (2005) and Edgington & Onghena (2007), it requires no parametric distributional assumption and yields an exact p-value.