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	अनुकूली यादृच्छिक नियंत्रित परीक्षण	अनुक्रमिक विश्लेषण (समूह अनुक्रमिक डिज़ाइन)
क्षेत्र	प्रयोगात्मक अभिकल्प	सांख्यिकी
परिवार	Process / pipeline	Hypothesis test
उद्भव वर्ष	1980s–2000s (formalized; earlier sequential testing roots from Wald, 1947)	1977
प्रवर्तक	Donald Berry and others; foundational adaptive trial methods developed through 1980s–2000s biostatistics literature	P. C. O'Brien & T. R. Fleming; P. C. Pocock
प्रकार	Experimental design — adaptive variant of RCT	Sequential / adaptive hypothesis test
मौलिक स्रोत	Chow, S.-C., & Chang, M. (2008). Adaptive Design Methods in Clinical Trials. Chapman & Hall/CRC. ISBN: 978-1584887690	O'Brien, P.C. & Fleming, T.R. (1979). A Multiple Testing Procedure for Clinical Trials. Biometrics, 35(3), 549–556.
उपनाम	Adaptive RCT, Response-adaptive RCT, Adaptive clinical trial, Platform trial	sequential testing, group sequential design, interim analysis, Sıralı Analiz (Sequential Testing / Group Sequential Design)
संबंधित	6	5
सारांश	An adaptive randomized controlled trial (adaptive RCT) is an experimental design in which pre-specified rules allow modifications to the trial while it is ongoing — such as changing allocation ratios, dropping underperforming arms, or stopping early for efficacy or futility — based on accumulating interim data. These adaptations are planned before the trial starts and governed by statistical rules to preserve Type I error control and validity.	Sequential analysis is a framework for conducting hypothesis tests with pre-planned interim looks at accumulating data, allowing a study to stop early for efficacy or futility while controlling the overall Type I error rate. The group sequential approach was formalised by Pocock (1977) and O'Brien and Fleming (1979), and remains the standard for confirmatory clinical trials and rigorous A/B experiments.