विधियों की तुलना करें

	ABAB डिज़ाइन	अनुकूली प्रयोग
क्षेत्र	प्रयोगात्मक अभिकल्प	प्रयोगात्मक अभिकल्प
परिवार	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
उद्भव वर्ष	1960s (Sidman 1960; Baer et al. 1968)	1940s–1970s (sequential foundations); formalised in clinical and behavioural research by 1980s–2000s
प्रवर्तक	Murray Sidman; Baer, Wolf & Risley (applied behavior analysis formalization)	Abraham Wald (sequential analysis foundation); expanded by Robbins, Armitage, and others
प्रकार	Single-subject experimental design	Experimental research design
मौलिक स्रोत	Sidman, M. (1960). Tactics of Scientific Research: Evaluating Experimental Data in Psychology. Basic Books.	Chow, S. C., & Chang, M. (2008). Adaptive Design Methods in Clinical Trials. Chapman and Hall/CRC. ISBN: 978-1584886761
उपनाम	reversal design, withdrawal design, ABAB reversal, operant reversal design	adaptive design, response-adaptive randomization, adaptive trial, adaptive randomization
संबंधित	4	5
सारांश	The ABAB design is a single-subject experimental methodology that establishes causal control by repeatedly introducing and removing an intervention. A baseline phase (A) is followed by an intervention phase (B), then a return to baseline (A), and a second intervention phase (B), allowing the researcher to demonstrate that observed behavior changes are produced by the intervention rather than by coincidental factors.	An adaptive experiment is an experimental design in which pre-specified rules allow the protocol to be modified — such as reallocating participants to better-performing arms, stopping early for efficacy or futility, or changing sample size — based on accumulating interim data, while maintaining statistical validity. Adaptive designs are widely used in clinical trials, behavioural economics, and online platform testing to improve efficiency and ethics without sacrificing inferential rigour.