השוואת שיטות

	סולם שנאת זרים	סולם מגע בין-קבוצתי
תחום	סוציולוגיה פוליטית	סוציולוגיה פוליטית
משפחה	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
שנת המקור	2009–2016	1954–2008
הוגה השיטה	Alin Ceobanu, Xavier Escandell, Elke Schlueter	Gordon Allport, Thomas Pettigrew, Linda Tropp
סוג	Self-report questionnaire	Self-report questionnaire
מקור מכונן	Ceobanu, A. M., & Escandell, X. (2010). Comparative analyses of public attitudes toward immigrants and immigration using multinational survey data: The European Social Survey. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 36(6), 953-969.	Allport, G. W. (1954). The nature of prejudice. Addison-Wesley.
כינויים	XS, Anti-Immigration Attitude Scale	ICS, Contact Quality Index
קשורות	5	5
תקציר	The Xenophobia Scale measures fear, discomfort, or prejudice toward foreign nationals and immigrants. Unlike immigration policy preferences (which can reflect economic or pragmatic considerations), xenophobia captures affective and attitudinal dimensions—emotional threat perception, negative stereotypes, and cultural distance. Developed by migration scholars including Ceobanu and Escandell, it is essential for understanding antiforeign sentiment and discriminatory attitudes across diverse contexts.	The Intergroup Contact Scale measures the quantity and quality of face-to-face interaction between members of different social groups (racial, ethnic, religious, national, or other categories). Rooted in Gordon Allport's contact hypothesis (1954), which proposed that prejudice decreases when groups interact under favorable conditions, the scale is fundamental in research on prejudice reduction, integration, and intergroup relations.