השוואת שיטות

	Target Complaint Scaling	סולם דירוג תוצאה
תחום	Social Work	מחקר פסיכותרפיה
משפחה	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
שנת המקור	1966	2003
הוגה השיטה	Carolyn C. Battle, Jerome D. Frank & colleagues (Johns Hopkins)	Scott D. Miller, Barry L. Duncan
סוג	Individualized outcome measure based on client-elicited presenting complaints	Client-rated
מקור מכונן	Battle, C. C., Imber, S. D., Hoehn-Saric, R., Stone, A. R., Nash, E. R., & Frank, J. D. (1966). Target complaints as criteria of improvement. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 20(1), 184–192.	Miller, S. D., Duncan, B. L., Brown, J., Sparks, J. A., & Claud, D. A. (2003). The Outcome Rating Scale: Preliminary validity studies of a brief, visual, general measure of session effectiveness. Journal of Brief Therapy, 5(2), 23–33.
כינויים	Target Complaints, Target Complaint Method, Battle Target Complaints, Target Problem Scaling	ORS, ORS-4
קשורות	4	4
תקציר	Target complaint scaling is an individualized outcome measure in which the client names the specific complaints that brought them to treatment, each complaint is rated for severity at the outset and again at follow-up, and the change in those ratings indexes improvement. Introduced by Carolyn Battle, Jerome Frank, and colleagues at Johns Hopkins in 1966, it grounds outcome measurement in the client's own presenting problems rather than a fixed questionnaire, making it an early and influential model for person-centered, idiographic outcome assessment in psychotherapy and social work.	The Outcome Rating Scale (ORS) is a 4-item ultra-brief symptom and wellbeing measure designed to track subjective improvement across individual, interpersonal, social, and overall functioning dimensions. Developed by Miller and Duncan, the ORS uses visual analog scales to enable session-by-session outcome monitoring in clinical practice and research. It is paired with the Session Rating Scale (SRS) in measurement-based care protocols to simultaneously track what clients feel and how they are functioning.