השוואת שיטות

	מודל אפקטים קבועים רובוסטי	מבחן האוסמן לנתוני פאנל
תחום	אקונומטריקה	אקונומטריקה
משפחה	Regression model	Regression model
שנת המקור	1987	1978
הוגה השיטה	Manuel Arellano	Jerry A. Hausman
סוג	Panel regression with robust inference	Specification test
מקור מכונן	Arellano, M. (1987). Computing robust standard errors for within-groups estimators. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 49(4), 431–434.	Hausman, J. A. (1978). Specification tests in econometrics. Econometrica, 46(6), 1251–1271.
כינויים	FE with robust standard errors, cluster-robust fixed effects, fixed effects with heteroscedasticity-robust SE, within estimator with robust inference	Hausman endogeneity test, Wu-Hausman test, fixed-vs-random effects test, Hausman chi-squared test
קשורות	5	5
תקציר	The robust fixed effects model combines the within-group estimator for panel data with variance-covariance matrices that remain valid under heteroscedasticity and within-unit error correlation. Introduced by Arellano (1987), cluster-robust standard errors paired with the fixed effects estimator are now the default approach for credible panel data inference in economics and social science.	The Hausman specification test for panel data determines whether individual-specific effects are correlated with the regressors — a correlation that would make the random effects estimator inconsistent. A statistically significant result favours the fixed effects model; a non-significant result supports the more efficient random effects model.