השוואת שיטות

	זיקוק ריאקטיבי	מודל CSTR (Continuous Stirred-Tank Reactor)
תחום	פיזיקה יישומית	פיזיקה יישומית
משפחה	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
שנת המקור	1995	1962
הוגה השיטה	Klaus Sundmacher	Octave Levenspiel
סוג	Integrated reaction-separation process model	Mathematical model for continuous flow reactor
מקור מכונן	Sundmacher, K., & Kienle, A. (2003). Reactive Distillation: Status and Future Directions. Wiley-VCH. ISBN: 978-3-527-30623-9	Levenspiel, O. (1999). Chemical Reaction Engineering (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0-471-25424-9
כינויים	integrated distillation-reaction, reactive column, reaction with separation	ideal mixed reactor, back-mix reactor, CSTR
קשורות	4	3
תקציר	Reactive distillation couples reaction and separation in a single column, where reactants are separated from products continuously while simultaneously undergoing reaction on catalytic trays. Pioneered in the 1990s by Klaus Sundmacher and others, this process intensification technique dramatically reduces capital cost, energy consumption, and environmental impact for suitable reactions. It is now industrially proven for esterification, hydration, and transesterification processes.	The CSTR (Continuous Stirred-Tank Reactor) model describes the behavior of an ideal mixed reactor where fresh feed is continuously added, products are withdrawn, and contents are kept uniform by vigorous stirring. This fundamental model, formalized by Octave Levenspiel in the 1960s, is widely used to design and scale batch and continuous processes. Despite its simplicity, it captures essential dynamics of industrial reactors and is the baseline for process control and optimization.