השוואת שיטות

	תוקף מבחין רב-רמתי	תוקף מבחין
תחום	פסיכומטריה	פסיכומטריה
משפחה	Latent structure	Latent structure
שנת המקור	2005	1959
הוגה השיטה	Dyer, Hanges, & Hall; Chen, Sousa, & West	Donald T. Campbell and Donald W. Fiske
סוג	Validity evaluation within multilevel CFA	Validity evidence / psychometric evaluation
מקור מכונן	Dyer, N. G., Hanges, P. J., & Hall, R. J. (2005). Applying multilevel confirmatory factor analysis techniques to the study of leadership. Leadership Quarterly, 16(1), 149–167.	Campbell, D. T., & Fiske, D. W. (1959). Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix. Psychological Bulletin, 56(2), 81–105.
כינויים	multilevel DV, cross-level discriminant validity, hierarchical discriminant validity, ML-DV	discriminant validity evidence, divergent validity, DV, AVE-based discriminant validity
קשורות	5	5
תקציר	Multilevel discriminant validity evaluates whether theoretically distinct constructs are empirically separable when data are nested within higher-level units such as teams, schools, or organizations. It extends single-level discriminant validity checks into a multilevel confirmatory factor analysis framework, verifying that constructs are distinguishable both within and between levels simultaneously.	Discriminant validity is evidence that a latent construct is empirically distinct from other constructs it should differ from. Originating in Campbell and Fiske's multitrait-multimethod framework (1959), it is a core component of construct validity and a mandatory check in scale development and structural equation modeling.