השוואת שיטות

	ניתוח גורמים מאשר מרובה-קבוצות (MG-CFA)	בדיקת השוואת מבחנים (Measurement Invariance Testing)
תחום	פסיכומטריה	פסיכומטריה
משפחה	Latent structure	Latent structure
שנת המקור	1971	2000
הוגה השיטה	Karl Jöreskog	Vandenberg & Lance
סוג	Measurement model / invariance test	Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis procedure
מקור מכונן	Vandenberg, R. J. & Lance, C. E. (2000). A review and synthesis of the measurement invariance literature: Suggestions, practices, and recommendations for organizational research. Organizational Research Methods, 3(1), 4–70.	Vandenberg, R. J., & Lance, C. E. (2000). A review and synthesis of the measurement invariance literature. Organizational Research Methods, 3(1), 4–70.
כינויים	MG-CFA, multi-group CFA, measurement invariance testing, multi-sample CFA	Factorial Invariance, Measurement Equivalence, Configural-Metric-Scalar Testing, Ölçüm Değişmezliği
קשורות	6	3
תקציר	Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis tests whether a measurement model holds equivalently across two or more groups — such as cultures, genders, or time points. By imposing increasingly stringent equality constraints and comparing model fit, it determines whether comparisons of latent mean scores are justified.	Measurement invariance testing is a sequence of nested confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models that examines whether a psychological scale measures the same latent construct in the same way across distinct groups or time points. Systematized and popularized by Vandenberg and Lance (2000), the procedure tests a hierarchy of constraints — from identical factor patterns to identical item intercepts — so that researchers can justify meaningful group comparisons on latent means.