השוואת שיטות

	מבחן Mann-Whitney U	מבחן פרמוטציה (אקראיזציה)
תחום	סטטיסטיקה	סטטיסטיקה
משפחה	Hypothesis test	Regression model
שנת המקור	1947	2005
הוגה השיטה	H. B. Mann & D. R. Whitney	Good (2005); Edgington & Onghena (2007); resampling tradition
סוג	Nonparametric two-group comparison	Nonparametric resampling test
מקור מכונן	Mann, H. B. & Whitney, D. R. (1947). On a test of whether one of two random variables is stochastically larger than the other. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 18(1), 50–60.	Good, P. (2005). Permutation, Parametric and Bootstrap Tests of Hypotheses (3rd ed.). Springer. ISBN: 978-0387202792
כינויים	Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, Mann-Whitney U Testi	randomization test, exact permutation test, re-randomization test, Permütasyon Testi
קשורות	4	5
תקציר	The Mann-Whitney U test is the nonparametric alternative to the independent samples t-test, comparing two independent groups by ranking all observations together rather than relying on their means. It was introduced by H. B. Mann and D. R. Whitney in 1947 and does not require the data to be normally distributed.	The permutation test is a nonparametric resampling procedure that builds the sampling distribution of a test statistic directly from the data by repeatedly shuffling the group labels. Developed in the resampling tradition and treated systematically by Good (2005) and Edgington & Onghena (2007), it requires no parametric distributional assumption and yields an exact p-value.