השוואת שיטות

	Gompertz-Makeham Law of Mortality	ניתוח לוח תמותה
תחום	דמוגרפיה	דמוגרפיה
משפחה	Regression model	Survival analysis
שנת המקור	1860	1984
הוגה השיטה	Benjamin Gompertz & William Makeham	Demographic/actuarial tradition; Chiang
סוג	Parametric mortality (hazard) law for adult ages	Age-structured mortality estimator
מקור מכונן	Gompertz, B. (1825). On the nature of the function expressive of the law of human mortality. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 115, 513–583.	Chiang, C. L. (1984). The Life Table and Its Applications. Robert E. Krieger Publishing. ISBN: 978-0-89874-565-2
כינויים	Gompertz-Makeham Model, Makeham's Law, Gompertz Law of Mortality, Gompertz-Makeham Ölümlülük Yasası	Mortality Table, Actuarial Table, Survival Table, Yaşam Tablosu
קשורות	4	3
תקציר	The Gompertz-Makeham law is the foundational parametric model of adult human mortality. Benjamin Gompertz showed in 1825 that the force of mortality rises exponentially with age, and William Makeham added an age-independent background term in 1860 to account for deaths from causes unrelated to ageing. The combined law expresses the hazard of death as a constant plus an exponentially increasing component, capturing the dominant shape of adult mortality with just three parameters.	A life table is a systematic, age-structured summary of the mortality experience of a population. It traces a hypothetical cohort of births — conventionally 100,000 — through successive age intervals, recording how many survive, how many die, and how many person-years are lived at each interval. The method was formalized in its modern probabilistic form by Chiang (1984), synthesizing centuries of actuarial and demographic practice into a rigorous statistical framework applicable to human and biological populations alike.