השוואת שיטות

	מדדי דיכאון, חרדה ולחץ-21 (DASS-21)	סולם דיכאון גריאטרי (GDS)	סולם החרדה והדיכאון של בית החולים (HADS)
תחום	פסיכולוגיה קלינית	פסיכולוגיה קלינית	פסיכולוגיה קלינית
משפחה	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
שנת המקור	1995	1982	1983
הוגה השיטה	Stephen H. Lovibond and Peter F. Lovibond	Jerome A. Yesavage, Terry L. Brink, and colleagues	Andrew S. Zigmond and Richard P. Snaith
סוג	Three-dimensional mental health screening	Age-appropriate depression screening	Anxiety and depression screening in medical populations
מקור מכונן	Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. Psychology Foundation of Australia.	Yesavage, J. A., Brink, T. L., Rose, T. L., Lum, O., Huang, V., Adey, M., & Leirer, V. O. (1982). Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: A preliminary report. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 17(1), 37-49.	Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 67(6), 361-370.
כינויים	DASS-21, DASS, DASS-42	GDS, GDS-15, GDS-30	HADS, HADS-A, HADS-D
קשורות	5	5	4
תקציר	The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) is a 21-item self-report instrument measuring three correlated but distinct dimensions of psychological distress: depression, anxiety, and stress. Developed by Lovibond and Lovibond in 1995, the DASS-21 is a short form of the original 42-item DASS. It has become widely used in research and clinical settings for its brevity, multidimensional structure, and strong psychometric properties.	The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is a 30-item self-report depression screening instrument specifically designed for older adults. Developed by Yesavage, Brink, and colleagues in 1982, the GDS addresses the unique presentation of depression in aging populations, where symptoms may differ from younger adults. A validated 15-item short form (GDS-15) is widely used in primary care and community settings for rapid screening.	The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a 14-item self-report instrument measuring anxiety and depression symptoms in medically ill populations. Developed by Zigmond and Snaith in 1983, the HADS was specifically designed for hospital and general medical settings where somatic symptoms of medical illness may confound assessment. It remains the standard anxiety-depression measure in medical, oncology, and cardiac populations worldwide.