השוואת שיטות

	תאוריה מוצקה קונסטרוקטיביסטית	אתנוגרפיה	תיאוריה מעוגנת (Grounded Theory)	ניתוח נרטיבי
תחום	איכותני	איכותני	מחקר איכותני	איכותני
משפחה	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
שנת המקור	2000s (Charmaz 2000–2006; classic GT roots 1967)	c. 1922 (Malinowski's Argonauts of the Western Pacific)	1967	1967 (foundational); 2008 (canonical handbook)
הוגה השיטה	Kathy Charmaz (building on Glaser & Strauss, 1967)	Bronisław Malinowski (modern ethnography); rooted in 19th-century anthropology	Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss	Catherine Kohler Riessman (seminal synthesis, 2008); roots in Labov & Waletzky (1967)
סוג	Qualitative research method	Qualitative fieldwork tradition	Method	Qualitative interpretive method
מקור מכונן	Charmaz, K. (2006). Constructing Grounded Theory: A Practical Guide Through Qualitative Analysis. Sage. ISBN: 978-0761973539	Hammersley, M. & Atkinson, P. (2019). Ethnography: Principles in Practice (4th ed.). Routledge. ISBN: 978-1138504462	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine.	Riessman, C.K. (2008). Narrative Methods for the Human Sciences. Sage.
כינויים	CGT, constructivist GT, Charmaz grounded theory, interpretive grounded theory	Etnografi, participant observation, fieldwork, ethnographic research	GT, Grounded Theory Approach	narrative inquiry, life history analysis, biographical research, Anlatı Analizi (Narrative Analysis)
קשורות	6	5	3	6
תקציר	Constructivist Grounded Theory (CGT) is a qualitative methodology developed by Kathy Charmaz that systematically builds mid-range theory from empirical data through iterative coding, memo-writing, and theoretical sampling. Unlike the original objectivist version by Glaser and Strauss, CGT treats both data and theory as co-constructed between researcher and participants, acknowledging the researcher's interpretive perspective as an integral part of the analytic process rather than a source of bias to be eliminated.	Ethnography is a qualitative research tradition in which a researcher immerses themselves in a social group or community over an extended period — typically three to six months or longer — to study its culture, values, and behaviours in their natural setting. Originating in social and cultural anthropology, and consolidated as a rigorous method by Bronisław Malinowski in the early twentieth century, ethnography produces rich, contextualised accounts of how people live, work, and make meaning together.	Grounded Theory (GT) is a systematic qualitative research methodology in which theory emerges directly from data through iterative analysis, rather than being imposed before data collection. Developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967, GT prioritizes generating explanatory frameworks grounded in evidence.	Narrative analysis is a qualitative research method, synthesised canonically by Catherine Kohler Riessman (2008), that examines how individuals storise their lived experiences and construct meaning through the telling. Drawing on life history, biographical, and narrative inquiry traditions, it treats the story itself — not just its content — as the unit of analysis, attending to temporal sequence, plot structure, and the social context in which a narrative is produced.