השוואת שיטות

	ניסוי טבע חסום	הפרש-בהפרשים (דיד)
תחום	תכנון ניסויים	אקונומטריקה
משפחה	Process / pipeline	Regression model
שנת המקור	Blocking: 1935; natural experiments as formal causal framework: 1990s–2000s	1994
הוגה השיטה	Combines Fisher's blocking principle (1935) with natural experiment methodology formalized by Angrist and Pischke (2009)	Card & Krueger (canonical 1994 application); Angrist & Pischke (textbook treatment)
סוג	Quasi-experimental causal design	Causal inference / panel regression
מקור מכונן	Angrist, J. D., & Pischke, J.-S. (2009). Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist's Companion. Princeton University Press. ISBN: 978-0691120355	Angrist, J. D., & Pischke, J.-S. (2009). Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist's Companion. Princeton University Press. ISBN: 978-0691120355
כינויים	stratified natural experiment, block-stratified quasi-experiment, natural experiment with blocking	diff-in-diff, DiD, Farkların Farkı (Diff-in-Diff)
קשורות	3	5
תקציר	A blocked natural experiment is a quasi-experimental design that exploits naturally occurring, researcher-uncontrolled variation in treatment assignment while pre-stratifying (blocking) units on key observed covariates. Blocking absorbs between-stratum variance, improves statistical precision, and strengthens the plausibility of the as-if-random assumption within each block. The design draws on Fisher's blocking principle and the natural experiment tradition in economics and epidemiology.	Difference-in-Differences is a causal-inference method that estimates the effect of an intervention by comparing how a treatment group and a control group change over time. Made famous by Card and Krueger's 1994 minimum-wage study and developed in Angrist and Pischke's Mostly Harmless Econometrics, it isolates the treatment effect as the difference between the two groups' before-after changes.