השוואת שיטות

	מודל בוצה פעילה	ניהול מי נגר סערה
תחום	הנדסה סביבתית	הנדסה סביבתית
משפחה	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
שנת המקור	1976	1980
הוגה השיטה	Marais and Ekama	Urban hydrologists and engineers
סוג	mathematical simulation pipeline	design and simulation pipeline
מקור מכונן	Henze, M., Grady, C. P. L., Gujer, W., Marais, G. V. R., & Matsuo, T. (1987). Activated Sludge Model No. 1. IAWQ, Scientific and Technical Report No. 1.	Urbonas, B., & Stahre, P. (1993). Stormwater Best Management Practices and Detention. Prentice Hall. ISBN: 978-0134445915
כינויים	ASM, conventional activated sludge, suspended growth treatment	urban stormwater, runoff management, wet weather control, low-impact development
קשורות	5	3
תקציר	The Activated Sludge Model (ASM) is a standardized mathematical framework for simulating biological wastewater treatment processes, developed by the International Association on Water Quality (IAWQ) beginning in 1987. It represents the transport, transformation, and fate of organic matter and nutrients in suspended-growth treatment systems. ASM is widely used to design, optimize, and predict the performance of wastewater treatment plants under varying influent and operational conditions.	Stormwater management is the planning and engineering of urban water systems to control, treat, and utilize rainwater runoff from developed areas. Traditional approaches (pipes, detention basins) conveyed runoff rapidly to streams or treatment plants; modern green infrastructure approaches (permeable pavements, bioswales, retention ponds) reduce runoff volume through infiltration and reuse while improving water quality. Stormwater management integrates hydrologic modeling, water quality assessment, and infrastructure design to meet regulatory requirements and climate resilience goals.