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Manuaalinen lihastestaus×Liikeratojen Goniometria×
TieteenalaFysioterapiaFysioterapia
MenetelmäperheProcess / pipelineProcess / pipeline
Syntyvuosi1940s1960s
KehittäjäLucille Daniels and Catharine WorthinghamPhysical therapy profession
TyyppiClinical examination techniqueMeasurement technique
AlkuperäislähdeKendall, F. P., McCreary, E. K., Provance, P. G., Rodgers, M. M., & Romani, W. A. (2005). Muscles: Testing and function with posture and pain (5th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. link ↗Norkin, C. C., & White, D. J. (2009). Measurement of joint motion: A guide to goniometry (4th ed.). F.A. Davis Company. link ↗
RinnakkaisnimetMMT, Muscle strength assessmentROM assessment, Goniometric measurement
Liittyvät33
TiivistelmäManual muscle testing (MMT) is a clinical examination technique that quantifies muscle strength by applying manual resistance to isometric contractions and grading the result on a standardized scale (typically 0-5). Developed by Daniels and Worthingham in the 1940s, MMT remains the primary bedside method for assessing muscle weakness in neuromuscular and neurological disorders, establishing rehabilitation baselines, and monitoring treatment effectiveness.Goniometry is the standardized clinical measurement of joint angles using a goniometer (angle-measuring instrument) to quantify range of motion in degrees. Developed from orthopedic assessment traditions, goniometric measurement is a fundamental skill in physical therapy, occupational therapy, and orthopedic medicine for baseline assessment, monitoring progression, and documenting rehabilitation outcomes.
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ScholarGateVertaile menetelmiä: Manual Muscle Testing · Range of Motion Goniometry. Haettu 2026-06-19 osoitteesta https://scholargate.app/fi/compare