Vertaile menetelmiä
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| Vertailuun perustuva kuvaileva tutkimus× | Kuvaileva tutkimus× | |
|---|---|---|
| Tieteenala | Tutkimusasetelma | Tutkimusasetelma |
| Menetelmäperhe | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Syntyvuosi≠ | Mid-20th century, formalized in research methods texts from the 1960s onward | Late 19th century; formalized in social/behavioral sciences ~1960s–1980s |
| Kehittäjä≠ | Codified in educational and behavioral research methods literature; no single originator | Francis Galton, Karl Pearson (early empirical tradition); formalized in social science by Fred Kerlinger |
| Tyyppi | Non-experimental quantitative research design | Non-experimental quantitative research design |
| Alkuperäislähde≠ | Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education (8th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN: 978-0078097874 | Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (4th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1452226101 |
| Rinnakkaisnimet | comparative survey design, descriptive comparative study, group-comparison descriptive research, CDR | descriptive study, descriptive survey design, observational descriptive research, non-experimental descriptive research |
| Liittyvät | 3 | 3 |
| Tiivistelmä≠ | Comparative descriptive research is a non-experimental quantitative design that systematically documents characteristics, attitudes, behaviors, or conditions across two or more naturally occurring groups, then places those descriptions side by side to identify similarities and differences. Unlike causal-comparative designs, it makes no claim about why groups differ — it rigorously answers the question 'How do these groups compare on this characteristic?' without manipulating any variable. | Descriptive research is a non-experimental quantitative design that systematically documents the characteristics, frequencies, or distributions of variables in a defined population at a given point in time. It answers 'what is' questions — who, what, when, where, and how much — without manipulating variables or drawing causal conclusions. It is one of the most widely used research designs across the social, behavioral, health, and education sciences. |
| ScholarGateAineisto ↗ |
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