Vertaile menetelmiä

	Adaptive Randomized Clinical Trial	Dose-Response Analysis
Tieteenala	Epidemiologia	Epidemiologia
Menetelmäperhe	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Syntyvuosi	Late 1990s–2000s (widespread adoption post-2010)	Conceptual roots 16th century; modern epidemiological application mid-20th century
Kehittäjä	Donald Berry and colleagues; formalized by FDA guidance in 2010 and 2019	Paracelsus (conceptual foundation); formalized by John Snow and later Bradford Hill
Tyyppi	Experimental clinical trial design	Quantitative analytical method
Alkuperäislähde	Berry, D. A. (2006). Bayesian clinical trials. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 5(1), 27–36.	Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755641
Rinnakkaisnimet	adaptive RCT, adaptive trial design, response-adaptive randomization trial, adaptive clinical trial	exposure-response analysis, concentration-response modeling, dose-response modeling, DRA
Liittyvät	6	4
Tiivistelmä	An adaptive randomized clinical trial (adaptive RCT) is a prospective experimental study that uses pre-specified rules to modify one or more trial aspects — such as sample size, allocation ratios, or treatment arms — based on accumulating data collected during the trial itself, while maintaining statistical validity and integrity of the study.	Dose-response analysis quantifies the relationship between the magnitude of an exposure (the dose) and the probability or rate of an outcome (the response). It is a core analytical strategy in epidemiology and toxicology, providing evidence that increasing exposure systematically increases — or decreases — the risk of disease. A demonstrated dose-response gradient is one of Bradford Hill's classic criteria supporting causal inference.