مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	Wilson Information Behavior Model	Ellis Information-Seeking Behavior Model
حوزه	Library Information Science	Library Information Science
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1999	1989
پدیدآور	Tom D. Wilson	David Ellis
نوع	Macro-model of information behaviour from need through seeking to use	Behavioural-features model of information-seeking activities
منبع بنیادین	Wilson, T. D. (1999). Models in information behaviour research. Journal of Documentation, 55(3), 249-270.	Ellis, D. (1989). A behavioural approach to information retrieval system design. Journal of Documentation, 45(3), 171-212.
نام‌های دیگر	Wilson Model of Information Behaviour, Wilson 1981 / 1996 Model, Nested Model of Information Behaviour, Intervening Variables Model	Ellis Model, Ellis Behavioural Features Model, Information-Seeking Features Framework, Starting-Chaining-Browsing Model
مرتبط	3	3
خلاصه	Tom Wilson's models of information behaviour, first sketched in his 1981 paper 'On user studies and information needs' and revisited in his 1999 'Models in information behaviour research,' provide an overarching map of how information behaviour arises and unfolds. Information need is treated not as a primitive but as something secondary to more basic human needs, emerging from a person-in-context. That need drives information-seeking behaviour, but the path from need to seeking is shaped by intervening variables — psychological, demographic, role-related, environmental and source-related — that act as barriers or enablers, and by activating mechanisms drawn from theories of stress and coping, risk and reward, and self-efficacy. The resulting seeking can take several modes, and information processing and use feed back to alter the original need.	David Ellis's model, set out in his 1989 article 'A behavioural approach to information retrieval system design,' characterizes information seeking through a set of generic behavioural features rather than a fixed sequence of stages. From grounded-theory studies of how academic researchers actually look for information, Ellis identified features such as starting, chaining, browsing, differentiating, monitoring and extracting. The crucial claim is that these are recurring activities whose detailed pattern and interrelation vary from person to person and task to task, so information seeking is better described as a flexible repertoire of behaviours than as a single ordered process. Because each feature maps onto a concrete capability, the model was explicitly framed to inform the design of information retrieval systems that support real seeking behaviour.